Glossary

This glossary defines the acronyms and technical terms used in the GCBoK. It follows the BoK convention (cf. PMBOK, SWEBOK, DMBOK): an alphabetical index with cross-references to the respective axes.

A

Acronym Term Explanation See
AO Fiscal Code Federal law on taxation; basis for non-profit status determinations (§ 60a AO). Axis 7: Governance
AFJD Axel Franz Johann Druschel Natural person, registrant of the GitCover Commons gUG; permanent holder of all protection rights. Axis 7: Governance
Apache 2.0 Apache License Version 2.0 OSS license with patent clause (Patent Grant + Patent Retaliation); GitCover publishes code under this license. Licenses & Evidence
ArbZG Working Hours Act Act on working time; § 22 ArbZG (fine for missing working time recording). Article Series

B

Acronym Term Explanation See
B2B Business-to-Business Business relationship between companies; e-invoicing obligation from 2025 for B2B transactions. Article Series
B2G Business-to-Government Business relationship between companies and the public sector; Directive 2014/55/EU mandates the receipt of B2G e-invoices. Article Series
BA Federal Employment Agency Federal agency for job placement and employment promotion; issues the social insurance company number. Article Series
BEM Company Integration Management Employer obligation for employees with frequent illness-related absences (§ 167 Abs. 2 SGB IX). Article Series
BMF Federal Ministry of Finance Publisher of the GoBD and BMF letters (e.g., FAQ on e-invoicing). Article Series
BFF Backend-for-Frontend Architectural pattern: Blazor WASM client communicates with APIs via a server-side BFF. Axis 3: Components
BSFZ Federal Office for Information Security / Research Allowance Assessment body for research projects under § 6 FZulG (Research Allowance Act). Axis 10: Research
BUrlG Federal Holiday Act Act on minimum leave; § 1 BUrlG (24 working days on a 6-day week). Article Series
BZSt Federal Central Tax Office Federal agency; issues the W-IdNr (economic identification number) and USt-IdNr. Article Series
BSI Federal Office for Information Security Federal agency for cybersecurity; publisher of the IT-Grundschutz Compendium (BSI GS++). Axis 1: Fundamentals
BSIG BSI Act Act on the Federal Office for Information Security; § 8a BSIG defines KRITIS operators. Axis 1: Fundamentals

C

Acronym Term Explanation See
CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation European Committee for Standardization; CEN/TC 434 develops EN 16931 (e-invoicing). Article Series
CC Creative Commons License family for open content; GCBoK aims for CC BY-SA 4.0. Axis 7: Governance
CDN Content Delivery Network Distributed cache network for static assets (CSS, JS, Fonts). Axis 3: Components
CNCF Cloud Native Computing Foundation Linux Foundation project; standardization body for cloud-native infrastructure. Axis 1: Fundamentals
CRM Customer Relationship Management Customer relationship management; not a component in the GitCover context. -

D

Acronym Term Explanation See
DA Data Submission Format for electronic data transmission to the tax administration; predecessor of eXTra. Article Series
DATEV Datenverarbeitungs- und Telekommunikationsgesellschaft Software ecosystem for tax advisors and accounting in Germany. Axis 5: Approaches
DEÜV Data Transmission Ordinance Ordinance on notifications to social insurance; defines the social insurance notification formats. Article Series
DKIM DomainKeys Identified Mail Email authentication method; signature verification for incoming mails. Article Series
DMS Document Management System System for managing electronic documents; in the GitCover context: GCDMS. Axis 3: Components
DRV German Pension Insurance Carrier of the statutory pension insurance; conducts social insurance company audits under § 28p SGB IV. Article Series
DLR German Aerospace Center Sponsoring organization for research funding; assessment of FZulG projects. Axis 10: Research
DMBOK Data Management Body of Knowledge BoK of DAMA International for data management; reference for the GCBoK structure. Axis 1: Fundamentals
DPMA German Patent and Trade Mark Office Federal agency for patents, utility models and trademarks. Axis 9: Protection Rights
DSGVO General Data Protection Regulation EU Regulation 2016/679 on the protection of personal data. Axis 1: Fundamentals
Dual-Licensing Dual Licensing OSS code under Apache 2.0 (free of charge), process patents under commercial license via AD Assets UG (commercial, for remuneration). Licenses & Evidence

E

Acronym Term Explanation See
EFZG Continued Payment of Remuneration Act Act on continued payment of remuneration in case of illness (§ 3 EFZG: up to 6 weeks). Article Series
ELStAM Electronic Wage Tax Deduction Characteristics Electronic procedure for wage tax collection; replaced the paper wage tax card. Article Series
ELSTER Electronic Tax Declaration Online portal of the German tax administration for tax returns and filings. Article Series
EN European Standard Standard adopted by CEN; e.g., EN 16931 for e-invoices. Article Series
ENISA European Union Agency for Cybersecurity EU agency for cybersecurity; partner of the BSI. Axis 1: Fundamentals
EStG Income Tax Act Federal law on income tax; § 3 Nr. 26/26a EStG (flat-rate amounts in case of non-profit status). Article Series
euBP Electronic Company Audit Data access procedure of the tax administration during external audit (Z3 data medium transfer). Article Series
eXTra Electronic Data Exchange Platform XML-based transmission procedure; required by DRV for social insurance audit data. Article Series
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning Business software for resource planning; example of a vertical domain application. Axis 1: Fundamentals
EU European Union Political and economic union of European states; legal framework for NIS2, GDPR. Axis 1: Fundamentals

F

Acronym Term Explanation See
FLOSS Free/Libre and Open Source Software Free and open-source software; GitCover publishes code as FLOSS under Apache 2.0. Licenses & Evidence
FQN Fully Qualified Name Fully qualified path; in the GCBoK context: identical mount points on workstation and AI server for consistent path addressing. Axis 5: Approaches
FZulG Research Allowance Act Federal law on the tax promotion of research and development (§ 6 FZulG). Axis 10: Research

G

Acronym Term Explanation See
GCAL GitCover Advisory Lock Distributed lock mechanism between Git repos at repo level; prerequisite for GCEP. Axis 3: Components
GCC GitCover Commons gUG Non-profit entrepreneurial company (limited liability); operator of the GCBoK. Axis 7: Governance
GCDMS GitCover Document Management System Document management component; audit-proof voucher archiving in Git repositories. Axis 3: Components
GCEP GitCover Exchange Protocol Instance-to-instance exchange protocol between Git repos; semantically determined by OSCAL catalogs and OPA hooks. IETF track planned. Axis 3: Components
GCPN GitCover PrimaNota Metadata mechanism for forming audit-proof evidence chains (predecessor/successor) for business documents; UUIDv7-based, non-chronological chaining, GoBD Rz. 80. Utility model 20 2026 000 272.7. Axis 3: Components
GCSYNC GitCover Sync Synchronization component; Git sync between repositories and external systems. Axis 3: Components
GCUCB GitCover Unified Communication Bus Shared-memory-based context bus with deterministic V7GUID addressing; central data hub between AI agents, OPA validators and audit systems. Axis 3: Components
GoBD Principles of Proper IT-Based Accounting Systems Administrative guideline of the BMF for electronic accounting; Rz. 151-157. Axis 1: Fundamentals
GPG GNU Privacy Guard Free implementation of OpenPGP; signing of Git commits and vouchers. Axis 4: Techniques

H

Acronym Term Explanation See
HTML HyperText Markup Language Markup language for web pages; in the GCBoK context: build output of the WebStaticBuilder. Axis 3: Components

I

Acronym Term Explanation See
IAM Identity and Access Management Identity and access management; Git repositories as SSOT for IAM. Axis 3: Components
ICLR International Conference on Learning Representations ML conference; reference for the AgentTaxo paper (multi-agent token overhead). Axis 10: Research
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission International standardization organization; together with ISO for ISO/IEC 24773 (BoK structure). Axis 1: Fundamentals
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Standardization body for Internet protocols; IETF track planned for GCEP. Axis 3: Components
IP Intellectual Property Intellectual property; in the GCBoK context: IP usage rights strategy for OSS. Axis 9: Protection Rights
ISMS Information Security Management System Management system for information security; target audience of the GCBoK. Axis 1: Fundamentals
ISO International Organization for Standardization International standardization organization; ISO 27001, ISO/IEC 24773. Axis 1: Fundamentals

K

Acronym Term Explanation See
KI Artificial Intelligence German abbreviation for AI; in the GCBoK context: AI agents, guard rails. Axis 3: Components
KK Health Insurance Fund Carrier of the statutory health insurance; reimbursement office for social insurance contributions. Article Series
KMU Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Target audience of the GCBoK; onboarding approach for SMEs. Axis 5: Approaches

L

Acronym Term Explanation See
LLM Large Language Model Large language model; in the GCBoK context: typed bus for LLM result quality. Axis 10: Research

J

Acronym Term Explanation See
JSON JavaScript Object Notation Lightweight data format; in the GitCover context: schema-first for diary artifacts. Axis 2: Concepts

M

Acronym Term Explanation See
MCP Model Context Protocol Protocol for LLM tool integration; in the GCSYNC context: outbound interface. Axis 3: Components
MiLoG Minimum Wage Act Act on the setting of minimum wages; documentation obligation for employers. Article Series

N

Acronym Term Explanation See
Nextcloud Nextcloud Open-source file sharing platform; in the GCBoK context only suitable as a read-only share frontend for Git-hosted documents. Axis 5: Approaches
NIS2 Network and Information Security Directive 2 EU Directive 2022/2555; risk management and reporting obligations for critical infrastructures. Axis 1: Fundamentals
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology US federal agency; NIST 800-53 as control definition for OSCAL catalogs. Axis 4: Techniques
NPO Non-Profit Organization Non-profit organization; distinction GCBoK (knowledge work) vs. GCC (NPO). Axis 1: Fundamentals

O

Acronym Term Explanation See
OIDC OpenID Connect Authentication protocol based on OAuth 2.0; in the GCBoK context: claims-based tenant isolation and access control. Axis 5: Approaches
OPA Open Policy Agent Policy-as-code engine; Rego rules as pre-receive hooks in Git. Axis 4: Techniques
OSCAL Open Security Controls Assessment Language NIST standard for machine-readable security controls; three layers: Catalogs, Profiles, Assessments. Axis 4: Techniques
OSS Open Source Software Freely available software; GitCover is OSS-first. Axis 1: Fundamentals
OSSH Odysseus SSH Script Host Mechanism for controlled SSH-based access of an AI container to the host toolchain (compiler, Git, .NET SDK); stream-based, without file transfer. Axis 5: Approaches
OWUI Open WebUI Browser-based AI web interface; in the GCBoK context as the recommended client layer for SME users (WebUI-first approach). Axis 1: Fundamentals

P

Acronym Term Explanation See
PDF Portable Document Format Platform-independent document format; since 2025 no longer an e-invoice (only "other invoice"). Article Series
PGP Pretty Good Privacy Cryptographic method; decentralized identity credentials (PGP identities). Axis 1: Fundamentals
PII Personally Identifiable Information Personal data; addressed in the V7GUID structure. Axis 2: Concepts
PMBOK Project Management Body of Knowledge BoK of the PMI; reference for the GCBoK structure. Axis 1: Fundamentals
POA&M Plan of Action and Milestones Action plan in the OSCAL assessment layer. Axis 3: Components
PWA Progressive Web App Web application with a native-app-like user experience; in the GCBoK context: client access for SME users. Axis 1: Fundamentals

R

Acronym Term Explanation See
RAG Retrieval-Augmented Generation AI architecture pattern; in the GCSYNC context as outbound interface. Axis 3: Components
RFC Request for Comments IETF standardization process; RFC 4122 defines UUID. Axis 2: Concepts

S

Acronym Term Explanation See
SGB Social Code Collective term for German social insurance laws; e.g., SGB IV (§ 28p: company audit), SGB IX (§ 167: BEM). Article Series
SHA Secure Hash Algorithm Cryptographic hash function; SHA-256 for Git commit hashes and voucher chaining. Axis 2: Concepts
SPDX Software Package Data Exchange Standard for license identifiers; Apache-2.0, CC-BY-SA-4.0 etc. Licenses & Evidence
SSH Secure Shell Protocol for encrypted network connections; SSH signatures in Git. Axis 4: Techniques
SSOT Single Source of Truth Principle: one canonical data inventory; Git repositories as SSOT for IAM. Axis 3: Components
SWEBOK Software Engineering Body of Knowledge BoK of the IEEE Computer Society; reference for the GCBoK structure. Axis 1: Fundamentals

T

Acronym Term Explanation See
TLS Transport Layer Security Encryption protocol; TLS 1.2/1.3 for HTTPS. Axis 7: Governance
TMG Telemedia Act Federal law for telemedia services; § 5 TMG (imprint obligation). Axis 7: Governance
TOP TOp-level .gitcover repository GitCover repository for tenant/doc/class/action dictionaries; definition of the V7GUID vectors. Axis 2: Concepts

U

Acronym Term Explanation See
UStG Value Added Tax Act Federal law on value added tax; § 14 UStG (e-invoicing obligation from 2025), § 14b UStG (retention). Article Series
UUID Universally Unique Identifier 128-bit identifier; RFC 4122; version 7 (time-based) as the basis for V7GUID. Axis 2: Concepts

V

Acronym Term Explanation See
V7GUID Version-7 GUID (Categorized UUIDv7) GitCover categorization scheme based on UUIDv7; 14-bit class identifier + deterministic vectors. Axis 2: Concepts
VBG Verwaltungsberufsgenossenschaft Accident insurance association for the public sector; exemption of non-profit organizations under § 3 Nr. 26/26a EStG. Article Series
ViDA VAT in the Digital Age EU initiative on digital VAT; planned EU-wide e-invoicing obligation and transaction reporting system. Article Series
VPRM Verifiable Process Reward Model OPA/Rego as a verifiable process reward model; guardrails for AI agents. Axis 4: Techniques

W

Acronym Term Explanation See
WASM WebAssembly Binary format for browser-based execution; Blazor WASM as frontend technology. Axis 3: Components
WCAG Web Content Accessibility Guidelines W3C standard for accessibility; WCAG 2.1 AA as the target. Axis 1: Fundamentals
WebDAV Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning HTTP extension for file access over the web; in the GCBoK context: mount interface for Git repos in share frontends. Axis 5: Approaches

X

Acronym Term Explanation See
XML eXtensible Markup Language Markup language for structured data; in the e-invoicing context: original document (XRechnung, ZUGFeRD). Article Series
XRechnung XML-based invoice format EU Directive 2014/55/EU; standard for electronic invoices in the public sector. Axis 5: Approaches

Z

Acronym Term Explanation See
ZUGFeRD Zentraler User Guide der Fachanwender Rechnung in Deutschland Hybrid invoice format (PDF + embedded XML); national implementation of EN 16931. Article Series